If you're going to print more tests, you could make an 8-sided box to enable looking at X-axis, Y-axis, and also each motor separately. You might also make that shape a "stepped pyramid" to be able to see if artifacts are starting at the corner (which might imply something to do with print head acceleration or extrusion speed). Your pictures posted on 16 Fed look like they have a very slight step at the bottom of the part, which gave me this idea.
Other thoughts after looking at the picture of the printer posted on 11 Feb...
Is there anything other than the shaft couplers preventing vertical motion of your Z lead screws? On my printer, I had some issues with z-banding and I switched from couplers like those you are using to the spring kind (which allows more Z movement). Then I put a screw collar (https://www.amazon.com/Shaft-Collar-Aluminum-Thickness-Screws/dp/B0BNZ937MV) on each z-shaft and put a thrust bearing (https://www.amazon.com/uxcell-F8-16M-Miniature-Bearings-8x16x5mm/dp/B07QLTXJDH) between that the the top of the lower bearing. Finally, I designed a spring loaded thing to put above the top of the shaft and keep a downward force on it. That cleaned up my z-banding.
On another printer, I had an issue where the threaded z shafts were not perfectly straight and they were moving the cars on the Z tracks slightly (again, z-banding). On this printer, I added oldham couplings (https://www.amazon.com/2-Pack-Coupling-Couplers-Compatible-Printer/dp/B0B17QWTG2) between the lead screw nut and the bed supports. It looks like you've maybe got something equivalent there. If so, these would isolate shaft wobble., but you might look for anything else that might be applying a force to the bed supports or the bed itself. It looks like there's a cable that may be tie-wrapped to the rear 2020 bed support. Better to tie wrap that the the lead-screw nut below the wobble decoupler. Any forces it applies will be isolated by the wobble-decoupler. The wiring from there to the bed would them have constant forces.
I think I might also be seeing a spring for a bed leveler on the right front corner (hard to tell for sure in the picture. If there isn't a hard connection for leveling (meaning the spring is holding it in place), that's another possible place for movement to happen if there are small irregular forces on the bed assembly.
Another thing to thing about is how rigid the print head is on the slider on the bridge. If there is any "play" in the slider, then the cables going to the print head might be wiggling the print head. If the extruder is "far" from the slider, it will amplify tiny movements.