@rmilyard the Pi has very specific power requirements. In particular, the 3.3V regulator on it has quite a high dropout voltage, so it really needs a 5.2V power supply, not 5V. Added to this, the ribbon cable connecting the Duet and the Pi is not really suited to carrying the amount of current that the Pi 4 demands, so there will be some voltage drop in it.
The 6HC board was originally designed to be able to power a Pi 3 with very little attached. The Pi 4 draws more current than the Pi 3, and if you add a HDMI display then you may exceed the 3A rating of the 5V external power capability of the MB6HC.
For these reasons, we recommend that you use a PSU specifically designed to power a RPi 4 and whatever accessories you power from it.