New heater tuning algorithm

jbarros

@Veti my understanding of dc42's post is that the new heater tuning algorithm is going to be tested on the 6HC and if all goes well Toolboard and Expansions will be supported on the final release.
I was hoping to test it before the final release so it gets more exposure but alas not my decision.

Nonetheless I tried running the auto tune just to check if you might be right but not yet:

M303 T0
Error: M303: remote heater auto tune not implemented

Veti

have you updated the toolboard as per the changelog?

[Duet 3 + expansion/tool boards] You must also update expansion and tool board firmwares to 3.2beta3.2, otherwise heaters on expansion/tool boards will not work properly

dc42

I am waiting for feedback from users of all Duet Wifi/Ethernet, Maestro and Duet 3 main boards on this new algorithm in RRF3.2beta3.2. If and when I have enough feedback to confirm that the new algorithm is working well, I will implement it on tool and expansion boards.

jay_s_uk

@dc42 is it typical now that the tuning now Carey's put the cycle 5 times?
I also wasn't clear whether I should be starting the tune with the fan on? Also, what difference does it make using the T value? Is the preferred method to use the tool number?
Will this affect tuning of beds much or is it mainly aimed at hotends?

gloomyandy

Hi David,
a quick bit of feedback on the new heater tuning mechanism when it is used with the LPC port.

On the LPC the ADC is quite noisy to the extent that we have a pre-filter on the readings (that uses a median filter). On my test machine I tested with just that filter and with the standard RRF temperature filter disabled. In this configuration I occasionally (about 50% of the time) had a result in which the tuning was not consistent and so ran for the max 30 cycles (with the fan not being used) and produced a warning message.

If I enable the RRF filter (in addition to the pre-filter) then the same printer completes the test in from 5 to 7 cycles (again with the "fan on" test not run). This same hardware ran the old algorithm fine with the RRF filter disabled. I suspect that this may mean that the new algorithm may be slightly more sensitive to noise than the older one. I'm not sure if this is an issue (especially with Duet hardware), but I thought it might be of interest.

oliof

When doing this with the bed heater, phase 3 also says "fan off". This is likely just a cosmetic issue, as the part cooling fan wasn't on during the first couple cycles.

deckingman

@oliof said in New heater tuning algorithm:

When doing this with the bed heater, phase 3 also says "fan off". This is likely just a cosmetic issue, as the part cooling fan wasn't on during the first couple cycles.

Are you saying that the bed heater tuning also runs multiple cycles? If so, is that the number of cycles changeable by the user ? If not, that would be huge problem with a big, thick, insulated build plate such as I have because it takes maybe 50 minutes to cool. So one heater tuning cycle using the current algorithm takes about an hour or more and I most certainly wouldn't want to have to repeat that multiple times.

jay_s_uk

@deckingman said in New heater tuning algorithm:

Are you saying that the bed heater tuning also runs multiple cycles? If so, is that the number of cycles changeable by the user ? If not, that would be huge problem with a big, thick, insulated build plate such as I have because it takes maybe 50 minutes to cool. So one heater tuning cycle using the current algorithm takes about an hour or more and I most certainly wouldn't want to have to repeat that multiple times.

It doesn't cycle fully, just by 5 degrees

oliof

What Jay said, and then: If you do need to do multiple runs for different target temperatures, the new "A" parameter for ambient temperature allows you to start a new cycle before the bed cooled down. So you will likely save some time compared to previously if you need PID tuning for different target temps, because you could go and run it for 60, then 80, then 100C, and would not need to wait until the bed cools down to 30 inbetween. So depending on the way you do manage your PIDs, the process is only marginally longer, or may even be shorter with a larger bed.

A Former User

@deckingman said in New heater tuning algorithm:

@oliof said in New heater tuning algorithm:

When doing this with the bed heater, phase 3 also says "fan off". This is likely just a cosmetic issue, as the part cooling fan wasn't on during the first couple cycles.

Are you saying that the bed heater tuning also runs multiple cycles? If so, is that the number of cycles changeable by the user ? If not, that would be huge problem with a big, thick, insulated build plate such as I have because it takes maybe 50 minutes to cool. So one heater tuning cycle using the current algorithm takes about an hour or more and I most certainly wouldn't want to have to repeat that multiple times.

@dc42

Since I also have build as a job a printer with a huge aluminum-plate (I think it was 750x750x8 or 10mm or so) I would also support that multiple cycles can be "optional" limited (which is the same as disabled if you put the limit to 1 cycle), because each cycle just takes too long... If the optional variable is not put, the system would do by default the amount of cycles it needs (the new approach)...
By this those kind of printers with huge thermal-mass-print-plates could benefit by the multiple-cycle approach for the extruder but could avoid its side-effects regarding the heat-plate ? Because of the huge thermal mass of those print-plates if the corridor of the PID algorithm for the temp-sensor-limits are narrow enough and resolution of the temp-sensor is high and it is a fast-reacting sensor, maybe 1 cycle could be enough for the plate? It would be also a fall-back solution for those having trouble with the new approach for whatever reason... This implicates that "the first cycle" (and ONLY this one) would behave like as we are used to it (old style)?

dc42

@gloomyandy said in New heater tuning algorithm:

Hi David,
a quick bit of feedback on the new heater tuning mechanism when it is used with the LPC port.

On the LPC the ADC is quite noisy to the extent that we have a pre-filter on the readings (that uses a median filter). On my test machine I tested with just that filter and with the standard RRF temperature filter disabled. In this configuration I occasionally (about 50% of the time) had a result in which the tuning was not consistent and so ran for the max 30 cycles (with the fan not being used) and produced a warning message.

If I enable the RRF filter (in addition to the pre-filter) then the same printer completes the test in from 5 to 7 cycles (again with the "fan on" test not run). This same hardware ran the old algorithm fine with the RRF filter disabled. I suspect that this may mean that the new algorithm may be slightly more sensitive to noise than the older one. I'm not sure if this is an issue (especially with Duet hardware), but I thought it might be of interest.

The old algorithm calculated the heating rate using the entire time to heat up. from room temperature to target temperature. Likewise it calculated the cooling time by monitoring a long cooldown time at the end. The new algorithm cycles between the target temperature and 5C below it. It measures the heating and cooling rates on the last 3C each cycle, and accumulates the mean and standard deviation. If there is a lot of noise in the ADC readings then that noise will be a greater proportion of that 3C, so the data quality (as shown by the standard deviation) will be less good and it will do more cycles.

You could try increasing that 5C value to reduce the effect of noise, although it will lengthen the tuning process. It's TuningHysteresis in LocalHeater.h.

dc42

@LB, I suggest you try the new algorithm on your bed heater. The new algorithm doesn't need the long cooldown period at the end, so it won't necessarily take longer.

dc42

@oliof said in New heater tuning algorithm:

What Jay said, and then: If you do need to do multiple runs for different target temperatures, the new "A" parameter for ambient temperature allows you to start a new cycle before the bed cooled down.

That's true; but it should not normally be necessary to tune at more than one temperature. An exception might be if you use a heated chamber and the chamber temperature varies a lot depending on the material.

BTW in you use a heated chamber then the tuning for the hot end heaters should be done with the chamber up to temperature, and "ambient temperature" will be the chamber temperature.

oliof

Another use may be multizone heaters like Keenoovo offers for larger beds I guess.

A Former User

@dc42

Thanks as usual! Just a bit worried.
At the moment can only test with the smaller "renewed" (via the duet-board) anycubic here. With this little 220x220mm plate, I guess it will be fine.
The other printer with the big plate is a few hundred km away...

(If all duet-boards supporting RRF3.x have enough storage-space another option would be to make it optional via M307 the B-parameter there, 0 for PID, 1 for bang-bang, 2 for the "new iterating PID" or similar...? Just thinking out loud)

deckingman

@dc42 said in New heater tuning algorithm:

@LB, I suggest you try the new algorithm on your bed heater. The new algorithm doesn't need the long cooldown period at the end, so it won't necessarily take longer.

But does it still need to "cycle" the temperature by 5 deg C or so? That in itself is likely to be problematic with a large (and insulated) thermal mass.

fractalengineer

Very nice to see betaflight features implemented here

dc42

@deckingman said in New heater tuning algorithm:

@dc42 said in New heater tuning algorithm:

@LB, I suggest you try the new algorithm on your bed heater. The new algorithm doesn't need the long cooldown period at the end, so it won't necessarily take longer.

But does it still need to "cycle" the temperature by 5 deg C or so? That in itself is likely to be problematic with a large (and insulated) thermal mass.

If the overshoot and undershoot is small and the temperature sensors are not noisy, then it would be possible to use a smaller temperature range.

gloomyandy

I originally posted by mistake in 3.2-beta3.2 thread, but I think it is better here...

I've been testing the new algorithm on my printer and have seen some strange results when tuning the bed heater. My bed is a 310x310x6mm aluminium plate with a magnetically attached steel sheet on top. The heater is a mains powered 250x250mm 500W Silicon pad (with the thermistor embedded in it). When tuning my target temperature is 60 degrees. Ambient temperature is around 21 degrees. This combination is probably not ideal as there is a lot of lag between the pad thermistor and the actual bed plate temperature.

If I run the tuning from cold then it always seems to run for the full 30 cycles. However if I run it when it has cooled (from 60) to say 30 degrees (using the A parameter to specify the ambient temperature) then it will complete after 5 cycles. To try and understand what is going on I have added some additional debug to the tuning process. Here is the output from the first case:

Auto tune starting phase 1, heater on
Auto tune starting phase 2, heater settling
Sample 1 dLow 1250.000000 tOn 11250.000000 heatingRate 0.585193
Sample 1 dHigh 1750.000000 tOff 22750.000000 coolingRate 0.268330
  tOn 11250±0, tOff 22750±0, dHigh 1750±0, dLow 1250±0, R 0.585±0.000, C 0.268±0.000, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 1
Sample 2 dLow 1250.000000 tOn 11500.000000 heatingRate 0.581589
Sample 2 dHigh 2500.000000 tOff 25750.000000 coolingRate 0.234478
  tOn 11375±125, tOff 24250±1500, dHigh 2125±375, dLow 1250±0, R 0.583±0.002, C 0.251±0.017, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 2
Auto tune starting phase 3, fan off
Sample 1 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 10750.000000 heatingRate 0.608868
Sample 1 dHigh 2500.000000 tOff 28250.000000 coolingRate 0.222683
  tOn 10750±0, tOff 28250±5, dHigh 2500±0, dLow 1000±0, R 0.609±0.000, C 0.223±0.000, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 1
Sample 2 dLow 1250.000000 tOn 10250.000000 heatingRate 0.629652
Sample 2 dHigh 2750.000000 tOff 30750.000000 coolingRate 0.197948
  tOn 10500±250, tOff 29500±1250, dHigh 2625±125, dLow 1125±125, R 0.619±0.010, C 0.210±0.012, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 2
Sample 3 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 9750.000000 heatingRate 0.676344
Sample 3 dHigh 2250.000000 tOff 34000.000000 coolingRate 0.179575
  tOn 10250±408, tOff 31000±2354, dHigh 2500±204, dLow 1083±118, R 0.638±0.028, C 0.200±0.018, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 3
Sample 4 dLow 1250.000000 tOn 9750.000000 heatingRate 0.678182
Sample 4 dHigh 2250.000000 tOff 37500.000000 coolingRate 0.164589
  tOn 10125±415, tOff 32625±3475, dHigh 2438±207, dLow 1125±125, R 0.648±0.030, C 0.191±0.022, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 4
Sample 5 dLow 750.000000 tOn 9250.000000 heatingRate 0.724365
Sample 5 dHigh 2500.000000 tOff 40000.000000 coolingRate 0.153312
  tOn 9950±510, tOff 34100±4285, dHigh 2450±187, dLow 1050±187, R 0.663±0.041, C 0.184±0.025, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 5
Sample 6 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 9250.000000 heatingRate 0.710471
Sample 6 dHigh 3000.000000 tOff 43500.000000 coolingRate 0.142683
  tOn 9833±534, tOff 35667±5251, dHigh 2542±267, dLow 1042±172, R 0.671±0.041, C 0.177±0.027, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 6
Sample 7 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 9000.000000 heatingRate 0.728104
Sample 7 dHigh 3000.000000 tOff 46500.000000 coolingRate 0.134402
  tOn 9714±574, tOff 37214±6165, dHigh 2607±295, dLow 1036±160, R 0.679±0.043, C 0.171±0.029, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 7
Sample 8 dLow 750.000000 tOn 8750.000000 heatingRate 0.762012
Sample 8 dHigh 2500.000000 tOff 49500.000000 coolingRate 0.128104
  tOn 9594±624, tOff 38750±7054, dHigh 2594±278, dLow 1000±177, R 0.690±0.048, C 0.165±0.031, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 8
Sample 9 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 9000.000000 heatingRate 0.740379
Sample 9 dHigh 3000.000000 tOff 52250.000000 coolingRate 0.125191
  tOn 9528±617, tOff 40250±7889, dHigh 2639±291, dLow 1000±167, R 0.695±0.048, C 0.161±0.032, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 9
Sample 10 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 9000.000000 heatingRate 0.765968
Sample 10 dHigh 3500.000000 tOff 57000.000000 coolingRate 0.110748
  tOn 9475±607, tOff 41925±9015, dHigh 2725±378, dLow 1000±158, R 0.702±0.051, C 0.156±0.034, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 10
Sample 11 dLow 750.000000 tOn 9000.000000 heatingRate 0.739456
Sample 11 dHigh 2500.000000 tOff 58000.000000 coolingRate 0.106328
  tOn 9432±594, tOff 43386±9759, dHigh 2705±366, dLow 977±167, R 0.706±0.049, C 0.151±0.035, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 11
Sample 12 dLow 500.000000 tOn 8750.000000 heatingRate 0.766151
Sample 12 dHigh 3000.000000 tOff 60750.000000 coolingRate 0.104071
  tOn 9375±599, tOff 44833±10504, dHigh 2729±360, dLow 938±207, R 0.711±0.050, C 0.147±0.036, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 12
Sample 13 dLow 750.000000 tOn 8750.000000 heatingRate 0.743942
Sample 13 dHigh 3250.000000 tOff 61500.000000 coolingRate 0.103689
  tOn 9327±600, tOff 46115±11026, dHigh 2769±373, dLow 923±205, R 0.713±0.049, C 0.144±0.037, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 13
Sample 14 dLow 750.000000 tOn 8750.000000 heatingRate 0.793538
Sample 14 dHigh 3500.000000 tOff 62500.000000 coolingRate 0.101916
  tOn 9286±597, tOff 47286±11432, dHigh 2821±406, dLow 911±203, R 0.719±0.051, C 0.141±0.037, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 14
Sample 15 dLow 0.000000 tOn 8750.000000 heatingRate 0.053600
Sample 15 dHigh 3500.000000 tOff 63250.000000 coolingRate 0.098418
  tOn 9250±592, tOff 48350±11740, dHigh 2867±427, dLow 850±300, R 0.675±0.173, C 0.138±0.037, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 15
Sample 16 dLow 500.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.790129
Sample 16 dHigh 3250.000000 tOff 64000.000000 coolingRate 0.097789
  tOn 9203±601, tOff 49328±11982, dHigh 2891±424, dLow 828±303, R 0.682±0.170, C 0.136±0.037, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 16
Sample 17 dLow 0.000000 tOn 8750.000000 heatingRate 0.056186
Sample 17 dHigh 3250.000000 tOff 64250.000000 coolingRate 0.100125
  tOn 9176±593, tOff 50206±12143, dHigh 2912±420, dLow 779±352, R 0.645±0.221, C 0.134±0.037, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 17
Sample 18 dLow 750.000000 tOn 8250.000000 heatingRate 0.805200
Sample 18 dHigh 3000.000000 tOff 64250.000000 coolingRate 0.096790
  tOn 9125±614, tOff 50986±12231, dHigh 2917±408, dLow 778±342, R 0.654±0.218, C 0.132±0.037, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 18
Sample 19 dLow 750.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.771688
Sample 19 dHigh 3000.000000 tOff 66000.000000 coolingRate 0.094537
  tOn 9092±614, tOff 51776±12368, dHigh 2921±398, dLow 776±333, R 0.660±0.214, C 0.130±0.037, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 19
Sample 20 dLow 750.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.797152
Sample 20 dHigh 3750.000000 tOff 65500.000000 coolingRate 0.094485
  tOn 9062±612, tOff 52462±12421, dHigh 2962±428, dLow 775±325, R 0.667±0.211, C 0.128±0.037, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 20
Sample 21 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.781730
Sample 21 dHigh 3000.000000 tOff 66250.000000 coolingRate 0.097950
  tOn 9036±609, tOff 53119±12472, dHigh 2964±418, dLow 786±321, R 0.673±0.207, C 0.126±0.037, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 21
Sample 22 dLow 0.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.056254
Sample 22 dHigh 3500.000000 tOff 67500.000000 coolingRate 0.093961
  tOn 9011±605, tOff 53773±12548, dHigh 2989±423, dLow 750±354, R 0.645±0.239, C 0.125±0.036, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 22
Sample 23 dLow 750.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.789738
Sample 23 dHigh 3250.000000 tOff 66500.000000 coolingRate 0.094778
  tOn 8989±601, tOff 54326±12544, dHigh 3000±417, dLow 750±346, R 0.651±0.236, C 0.124±0.036, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 23
Sample 24 dLow 750.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.794132
Sample 24 dHigh 3750.000000 tOff 66250.000000 coolingRate 0.097583
  tOn 8969±596, tOff 54823±12508, dHigh 3031±435, dLow 750±339, R 0.657±0.233, C 0.123±0.036, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 24
Sample 25 dLow 0.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.055224
Sample 25 dHigh 3500.000000 tOff 66750.000000 coolingRate 0.095105
  tOn 8950±592, tOff 55300±12477, dHigh 3050±436, dLow 720±363, R 0.633±0.257, C 0.121±0.035, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 25
Sample 26 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.797152
Sample 26 dHigh 3000.000000 tOff 66500.000000 coolingRate 0.095806
  tOn 8933±587, tOff 55731±12422, dHigh 3048±428, dLow 731±360, R 0.639±0.254, C 0.120±0.035, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 26
Sample 27 dLow 1250.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.793937
Sample 27 dHigh 3750.000000 tOff 66500.000000 coolingRate 0.093961
  tOn 8917±581, tOff 56130±12359, dHigh 3074±440, dLow 750±366, R 0.645±0.251, C 0.120±0.035, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 27
Sample 28 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 8250.000000 heatingRate 0.805200
Sample 28 dHigh 3000.000000 tOff 65750.000000 coolingRate 0.093893
  tOn 8893±584, tOff 56473±12267, dHigh 3071±432, dLow 759±363, R 0.651±0.248, C 0.119±0.034, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 28
Sample 29 dLow 750.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.783488
Sample 29 dHigh 2750.000000 tOff 67000.000000 coolingRate 0.095667
  tOn 8879±578, tOff 56836±12205, dHigh 3060±429, dLow 759±356, R 0.655±0.245, C 0.118±0.034, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 29
Sample 30 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.808610
Sample 30 dHigh 2750.000000 tOff 66750.000000 coolingRate 0.092288
  tOn 8867±573, tOff 57167±12131, dHigh 3050±425, dLow 767±353, R 0.660±0.242, C 0.117±0.034, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 30
Warning: heater behaviour was not consistent during tuning
tOn 8867±573, tOff 57167±12131, dHigh 3050±425, dLow 767±353, R 0.660±0.242, C 0.117±0.034, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 30
Auto tuning heater 0 completed after 30 cycles in 2137 seconds. This heater needs the following M307 command:
 M307 H0 R0.788 C289.8 D2.74 S1.00 V0.0
Edit the M307 H0 command in config.g to match this.
Heater 0 switched off

and this is the output from the "pre-heated" case:

Auto tuning heater 0 using target temperature 60.0°C and PWM 1.00 - do not leave printer unattended
ok
Auto tune starting phase 2, heater settling
Sample 1 dLow 750.000000 tOn 9250.000000 heatingRate 0.753922
Sample 1 dHigh 2250.000000 tOff 36000.000000 coolingRate 0.165439
  tOn 9250±0, tOff 36000±0, dHigh 2250±0, dLow 750±0, R 0.754±0.000, C 0.165±0.000, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 1
Sample 2 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 9250.000000 heatingRate 0.727826
Sample 2 dHigh 2250.000000 tOff 40250.000000 coolingRate 0.155488
  tOn 9250±0, tOff 38125±2125, dHigh 2250±0, dLow 875±125, R 0.741±0.013, C 0.160±0.005, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 2
Auto tune starting phase 3, fan off
Sample 1 dLow 1000.000000 tOn 9500.000000 heatingRate 0.699097
Sample 1 dHigh 2500.000000 tOff 43500.000000 coolingRate 0.141769
  tOn 9500±0, tOff 43500±0, dHigh 2500±0, dLow 1000±0, R 0.699±0.000, C 0.142±0.000, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 1
Sample 2 dLow 1250.000000 tOn 8750.000000 heatingRate 0.769238
Sample 2 dHigh 2500.000000 tOff 46250.000000 coolingRate 0.132351
  tOn 9125±375, tOff 44875±1375, dHigh 2500±0, dLow 1125±125, R 0.734±0.035, C 0.137±0.005, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 2
Sample 3 dLow 750.000000 tOn 8750.000000 heatingRate 0.763718
Sample 3 dHigh 2750.000000 tOff 50750.000000 coolingRate 0.126651
  tOn 9000±354, tOff 46833±2988, dHigh 2583±118, dLow 1000±204, R 0.744±0.032, C 0.134±0.006, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 3
Sample 4 dLow 1250.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.800977
Sample 4 dHigh 3500.000000 tOff 53500.000000 coolingRate 0.115505
  tOn 8875±375, tOff 48500±3877, dHigh 2812±410, dLow 1062±207, R 0.758±0.037, C 0.129±0.010, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 4
Sample 5 dLow 1250.000000 tOn 8500.000000 heatingRate 0.761442
Sample 5 dHigh 3500.000000 tOff 56250.000000 coolingRate 0.110297
  tOn 8800±367, tOff 50050±4651, dHigh 2950±458, dLow 1100±200, R 0.759±0.033, C 0.125±0.011, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 5
tOn 8800±367, tOff 50050±4651, dHigh 2950±458, dLow 1100±200, R 0.759±0.033, C 0.125±0.011, V 0.0±0.0, cycles 5
Auto tuning heater 0 completed after 5 cycles in 460 seconds. This heater needs the following M307 command:
 M307 H0 R0.895 C267.3 D2.67 S1.00 V0.0
Edit the M307 H0 command in config.g to match this.
Heater 0 switched off

I suspect that the relatively large thermal mass means that as the full bed heats up it is impacting the heating/cooling times of the test cycle. But there also seems to be something a little odd going on with the "dLow" values as these are sometimes zero.

It may well be that I need to add an additional thermistor (perhaps embedded in the edge of the bed) to get more accurate readings of the actual bed temperature. However I don't think the setup I have is that unusual so I thought the data might be of interest to you.

Zhang Jianyu

The new auto-tune is working well for me on Duet 2 board. Thanks for your work on this