Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off
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@Danal Out of curiosity, how much time elapses between the 12v cutout and the 5v dropping below the Pi's Vin minimum?
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@Luke-sLaboratory said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
brings up a good point. I don't think I've ever properly shut down my pi on any of my projects (reboots notwithstanding) that goes back 5+ years. All of my octoprint installs are all on the same power supply as my printers, and they'll hit probably a cycle a week or so.
My duet3-based system however gets power cycled on average twice a day.Yes I can well believe it.
I have played around with raspberry pi's since they first came on the market.
Done loads of projects with them and used many different versions of os's and cannot recall anytime where the sd card(s) became corrupt upon power failure.I also have a home made raspberry pi cctv system that runs 24/7 and has done for the last 6 years and has experienced some power failures but without issue.
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@Danal Please excuse my ignorance because my RPi although fitted, remains unconnected so I have zero experience of using the thing. I assume that the reason why you have gone to these lengths is because a controlled shutdown is difficult to achieve, or has some other downsides compared with simply "pulling the plug" yes?
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@gtj0 said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
Out of curiosity, how much time elapses between the 12v cutout and the 5v dropping below the Pi's Vin minimum?
On my new set up I have a separate beefy 5v 10 amp psu to supply my 2 pi's .
They both now do a proper shutdown. I purchased a 5v relay module of which the contacts are connected to the 230v live to the system.
I have a rpi 4 as the SBC and a rpi 3 running motioneyeos for my webcam.The relay input is connected to a spare gpio pin (pin18) on the SBC pi ( I got rid of the ribbon connector that stops you using the unused gpio pins and made my own 6 wire connector).
The relay board is fed from 3.3v on the pi and is active low.On the SBC pi I set pin 18 as active low on start up and made a small script called "shutdown pi's" which is accessible from the pi start menu.
The script firstly connects to the rpi 3 via ssh and gives it the shutdown command then there is a deliberate time delay before the rpi 4 is given the shutdown command.It all works a treat and I think it is down to having the rpi's fed from external (beefy) psu because both rpi's have more than enough time to shut down completely before the external psu loses all of its power!
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@deckingman said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
Please excuse my ignorance because my RPi although fitted, remains unconnected so I have zero experience of using the thing. I assume that the reason why you have gone to these lengths is because a controlled shutdown is difficult to achieve, or has some other downsides compared with simply "pulling the plug" yes?
A Pi really isn't really any different than your desktop. If you suddenly loose power, you can corrupt the file system under the right conditions. Depending on how your system is configured and what its doing at the time of power loss, your odds of corruption could be anywhere from guaranteed to 1 in a trillion.
It really depends on how much you care about potentially loosing data.
For example if not loosing data is important to you, you could do something like this.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m20o3P-S5s8 -
Admittedly never had a Pi corrupt a card, but plenty of other linux based systems packing in due to power loss, so I'm not about to call it a theoretical problem or stop shutting down Pi's cleanly, if I couldn't be bothered to run
poweroffI'd just leave the thing running.If the Pi and accompanying software were sufficiently stable you could simply run sudo raspi-config and enable read-only filesystem. But with new updates weekly or every other day that becomes cumbersome if not integrated in the upgrade scripts.
In general the whole Pi setup needs hardening and I'm sure it will come, but I also suspect the team needs to make it usable first.
Re: EMMC; ask Tesla what they think; although their issues are more related to write (erase) operations than shutdowns.
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I see your reckless Pi shutdowns and raise you about 50 Atom CPU based windows 10 mini PCs that get unceremoniously power killed on a regular basis (power outages, regular maintenance, etc) for the past 3 years and have not had any OS corruption at all. They use an onboard eMMC flash storage device (basically an SD card soldered to the mobo). Modern file systems and flash storage devices just aren't as susceptible to power loss corruption as older filesystems on spinning magnetic storage.
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@DanS79 Yes, I get that. But it doesn't answer my question.
@Danal has gone to the length of building a test rig and after much evaluation has arrived at the conclusion (for him personally) quote "For me, the operational risk of powering of a Pi without a shutdown is acceptable.".
Now @Danal doesn't strike me as being the sort of person who builds test rigs unless there is some reason for doing so. In which case, I concluded that there must be a reason why he prefers to "pull the plug" rather than doing a controlled shutdown. So my question remains. - "Is it because a controlled shutdown is difficult to achieve, or has some other downsides compared with simply "pulling the plug" ?
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@gtj0 said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
@Danal Out of curiosity, how much time elapses between the 12v cutout and the 5v dropping below the Pi's Vin minimum?
I will see if there is a reasonable way to measure that. For example, if my dual channel scope will go slowly enough to trigger on the 12V and also draw a trace for the 5V.
If you have any thoughts on how to measure...?
Delta / Kossel printer fanatic
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@deckingman I think the downsides come down to complexity and time. Since the pi isn't always using a display and keyboard and mouse it can take time to get it shut down cleanly because you might have to remote into it on your phone or other PC or connect a display and mouse. Plus it also means waiting for the system to shut down. Or you could maybe wire up some sort of trigger relay to shut it down cleanly with a button press, but you still have to wait for that.
BUT if there is really negligible risk to simply killing the power, you can just unplug it or flip a power switch, or have it wired alongside the Duet which gets killed when power is removed to the printer, and not really worry about it.
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@deckingman said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
So my question remains. - "Is it because a controlled shutdown is difficult to achieve, or has some other downsides compared with simply "pulling the plug" ?
no, there are many ways to achieve controlled shutdown - but there are tradeoffs with respect to security and at the end of the day it doesn't protect against power loss (unless you add battery backup to the mix)
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@Phaedrux said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
Modern file systems and flash storage devices just aren't as susceptible to power loss corruption as older filesystems on spinning magnetic storage.
While I tend to agree to some extent, any reasonable general purpose caching filesystem can be corrupted from a power loss, regardless of the backing storage technology. If power is lost in the middle of a write, corruption can occur. A filesystem check on a filesystem with a journal often will "repair" the filesystem, but without knowing the intent of the programs writing data, it might be incapable of properly repairing the data. (A classic example is a database with bad indexes due to a power loss between data and index writes.)
I'll point out the duet wiki page of How to Destroy your Duet 2. In that document, there's a clear disclaimer of "We can't guarantee that these techniques will not destroy your Duet 2" and " doing anything described here will invalidate your warranty!"
The same goes for unplugging your raspberryPi without shutting down the filesystems cleanly. Just because it "probably" won't cause you headaches, or just because it didn't cause problems X times before, doesn't mean it's safe or a good idea.
"I'm not saying that you are wrong - I'm just trying to fit it into my real world simulated experience."
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@deckingman said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
@Danal Please excuse my ignorance because my RPi although fitted, remains unconnected so I have zero experience of using the thing. I assume that the reason why you have gone to these lengths is because a controlled shutdown is difficult to achieve, or has some other downsides compared with simply "pulling the plug" yes?
Two very separate reasons I built the test rig.
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When this gets discussed (here and other forums), and I say 'I just power off', some people react as though my Pi is in control of a nuclear bomber overflying their neighborhood. Seriously, you'd be amazed at how nasty some people have been that I might be misleading noobys or something. This forum is pretty respectful, many are not.
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Reason two is really a whole laundry list:
- I'm just lazy.
- I have more Pi's than just the one in the printer. Some of them are easy to access for a "sudo shutdown". Many of them are not.
- I'm just lazy.
- The need for shutdown of journaling file systems has struck me as BS for decades. I recognize that some system really do need to on a "pragmatic" basis (high risk of corruption)... I've always believed philosophically that was unacceptable design on the part of the OS and Filesystem designers. Foisting a file system on the public that is beyond its own provided "check at power up" is almost criminally negligent and is absolutely technically arrogant.
- I'm just lazy.
- And I could have been wrong. This test rig could have demonstrated that corruption is 1:10 or 1:100 odds, not the 1:thousands that it seems to show.
And mostly, I'm just lazy.
Delta / Kossel printer fanatic
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@Phaedrux said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
BUT if there is really negligible risk to simply killing the power, you can just unplug it or flip a power switch, or have it wired alongside the Duet which gets killed when power is removed to the printer, and not really worry about it.
Exactly.
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@Phaedrux said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
and not really worry about it.
read only file system gives peace of mind, statistics not so much
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@garyd9 said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
The same goes for unplugging your raspberryPi without shutting down the filesystems cleanly. Just because it "probably" won't cause you headaches, or just because it didn't cause problems X times before, doesn't mean it's safe or a good idea.
Totally agree, and that's where the risk must be weighed. How much time will be wasted in the case of a failure? How can that time be mitigated with backups, etc?
This is where I have a hard time because I haven't yet been able to cause the failure situation in normal usage, so I'm not really sure how much pain would go into a recovery. Worst case scenario for a Pi would be maybe replacing the SD card AND the pi itself. So that's maybe 50$ financial hit, plus the time to download an up to date pi image and install it on the fresh SD card, update the system, restore any backups or do a fresh install of whatever software.
In the case of the 50 mini pcs I mentioned, the risk was deemed acceptable, because the cost and complexity of mitigation was far too high to justify. If a mini PC dies it simply gets replaced with a spare. At 200$ each it's far more than a pi, but it's so rare, and the mitigation impossible (battery backup is out of the question in this locale), that it's an accepted risk.
If anyone can show me a reliable way to KILL a pi or SD card (without actual negligence/malfeasance) I'd love to see it.
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Not sure what kind of writes your doing in your test, but perhaps try something a bit more annoying to filesystems: zip. (might need to "apt install zip")
The reason is that the headers in a zip archive have to be updated after compressed data is written to the file, so there's a chance that the archive header is out of date with respect to the data in the archive, rendering the entire archive corrupted (even if the filesystem isn't corrupted.)
Just run "zip test.zip /usr/bin/*" and on OS startup, test the zip for integrity.
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@Phaedrux said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
Totally agree, and that's where the risk must be weighed. How much time will be wasted in the case of a failure? How can that time be mitigated with backups, etc?
I'm not familiar with what DSF/DSC is doing behind the scenes, but a question is what it might be writing to the filesystem. Anything in /var/log can be redirected to a tempfs (it'd be lost on power failure.) If that's all the fs writing that that the duet stuff does (other than writing gcode files in direct response to user interaction), then it should be reasonably safe. I'd probably turn off write caching on the file system as well (with nearly zero penalty if logs are all going to ramdisk.)
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@Danal said in Can-o-Worms: Pi Shutdown vs Power Off:
....................Seriously, you'd be amazed at how nasty some people have been that I might be misleading noobys or something. This forum is pretty respectful, many are not.
Ohh, I'm not amazed - I have my own blog and YouTube Channel so I know how true that is.
And mostly, I'm just lazy.
Thanks for your honesty. I'm even more lazy - maybe that's why I'm sticking to stand alone "RPi-less" operation. If I don't start it up, I don't have to worry about shutting it down
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I'm updating a SQLLITE3 database. Fairly simple structure... but... to your point, the DB engine is writing all over a file that the file systems just sees as a bunch of blocks. And those relationships can break.
Just checked. DB Healthy.
